Monday, October 19, 2015

Week 1 Technology and Leadership



For your initial post (which counts as your written assignment for this week), reflect on Friedman’s opening chapters from the synopsis as compared to Florida’s article.  Which resonated with you?  Factor in Bostrom's talk...does his warnings about control align with either Friedman or Florida...or is this evidence of the continued evolution of the web?  Given this evolution since Friedman's book and Florida's article, are these sources still relevant...or relevant within your work environment?

Each of the three required readings and/or sources, including Nick Bostrom’s Ted Talk, were unique in their own respects, yet, interwoven in an underlying theme.  What first struck a chord was the realization that Friedman discovered when spending time with Nandan Nilekani, the Chief Executive Office (CEO), of Infosys in India, the reality that America is being challenged technologically and economically and that “The playing field is being flattened” (Friedman, 2005).  Furthermore, the CEO insinuated, this to be a good thing, “or a new milestone in human progress and a great opportunity for India and the world” (p. 7).  Therefore, it can be construed that as Americans we are victims of our own doing, where those outside our borders are finding ways to level the playing field.  

This phenomenon though is more complicated than just economic systems merging, according to Friedman (2005) it began with the collapse of the Berlin Wall, but even more importantly came the emergence of technologies that connected the world where communications now take place in an instantly via mobile phones, email, instant messaging.  Yet, with the world being more “Flat,” Florida (2005) in the article, The World is Spiky, insists that even though progress is being made in other parts of the world, a completely flat field is not likely yet.  The United States still is the world’s leader economically with many cities like New York and Chicago having economies as big as some countries.  In addition, even with the influx of innovation throughout the world, according to Florida (2005) “Creative people have to travel to Silicon Valley and be absorbed into its innovative ecosystem before their ideas become economically viable” (p. 49).  On the other hand though, American and European, and Japanese companies are increasingly taking heat for outsourcing, or shifting business and or factories beyond their borders.  In terms of business this is justified when Reuters can pay $15,000 in total compensation to an analyst in Bangalore as opposed to $80,000 in New York and London (Freidman, 2005).  Or, a simple example of outsourcing, according to Friedman (2005) is a doctor’s digitized voice late one day can be transcribed the next day by outsourcing it to a housewife in India, because of the twelve hour time difference, the notes can be ready the following morning.

So, the last piece of the puzzle is Nick Bostrom’s presentation on Ted Talk.  The talk departed from the overall themes presented by Friedman and Florida, in my opinion.  With the emergence of what Bostrom called, Superintelligence, I think this has transformed our society and agree with Freidman that it has “flattened” our world.  Furthermore, Bostrom explained this superintelligence in a positive tone, and if the motivation system matched that of man’s, the world would possibly be a better place.  However, in Bostrom’s presentation the image that stuck out to me was the explosion of the atomic bomb, this superintelligence he spoke of depends on the intentions of “what” man?  The primary example of this was the comparison between Osama Bin Laden and David Neeleman the founder of JetBlue, both men had a dream of involving airplanes and a savvy to do something about it” (p. 609).  According to Friedman, one used the opportunity to “use his optimistic visions and technologies of the flat world to lift up people” (p. 613).  While the other, “used his disciples and twisted imagination, to bring two enormous symbols of American power down to their level” (p. 613).  In other words, I am not sure I am so confident with this idea of so called “superintelligence” in the hands of “man.”  I agree with Friedman’s idea of a flat world and really took to heart his suggestions of what our young people need to do to prepare to compete against those engineers who are coming out of especially China and India, the question becomes “how can our kids compete?”  This rings true for me, both as a teacher and a parent.
References
Florida, R. (2005, October). The world is spiky. Atlantic Monthly, 48-51.
Friedman, T. L. (2005). The world is flat. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
What happens when our computers get smarter than we are? [Television series episode]. (2015, March). In N. Bostrom (Producer), Ted Talk. Vancouver BC, Canada: National Public Radio.






9 comments:

  1. Interesting post. Flat, spiky, and AI - all have implications for leadership (and teaching). Can "leadership" successfully drive "the hands of man"?

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  2. Chris,

    I enjoyed reading your blog. The part you brought up about cities like New York and Chicago having economies as big as some countries is very interesting. Do you agree with the quote you mentioned saying that creative people have to travel to Silicon Valley in order to get their ideas to become economically viable? Or do you think there is room outside of Silicon Valley for people with good ideas to be able to bring them to market?

    You mentioned outsourcing, which is a topic I’m highly interested in. With the numbers you gave, a particular organization could hire 5 people in Bangalore compared to just one in New York or London for about the same amount of money. People complain about outsourcing but are they willing to pay the extra money for the product (software, clothing, etc.) if they are developed/created only in the U.S.? I have a feeling people would not be willing to pay the price in many cases.

    In classes I have taught, we discuss outsourcing at length. I sometimes start out asking students if outsourcing is something ok to do. Many of them adamantly say “no, outsourcing is bad.” We then discuss how businesses often should outsource certain things. If I open up a small business, for example, I may outsource my payroll, tax preparation, janitorial services, and much more. Here is an article that brings up topics much like we discuss in class: http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/204652 . People are spring-loaded to thinking that outsourcing only means overseas outsourcing. We then discuss that topic, and it can become pretty heated, as you can imagine.

    Good post.

    Ray

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  3. Chris,

    I believe we have similar questions, what does all this mean for our young, and me being in secondary education for thirty years (both Catholic and public) I question daily what we do in schools. Yes, competitiveness extends from Asia, but in my personal experience through my husband's Brand Protection company, we lead when it comes to ethics, morals and freedoms. People who deal with China forget the oppression that communism brings. I am not as familiar with India, but in our one time dealings with them, it was all about making money off the American economy. My husband fights daily curruption, lies and fraud (well we are in the investigative business) but we do deal with professional folks like attorneys from Asia. It is competitive, but if we remember the human spirit as you alluded to we still are on top. That is why they want a piece of "us". Congratulations as come to an end.

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    1. Good points, Kathleen. Yet, in addition to "competition", there seems to be a good deal of "cooperation" and "collaboration" as well across sectors. The current negotiations on green house gases is a case in point.

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  4. HI Chris - Your comments about the size of U.S. cities is important in understanding scale. Cities in the U.S. are extremely large economies that really relates to the points forwarded by Florida. Outsourcing is a great topic and many companies have become much more careful about this type of venture. The popular phrase "race to the bottom" has been used and it counters a lot of the Friedman commentary. There is a natural reaction to the philosophy provided by Friedman that things are collectively better for everyone in a flat world. The reality is that individuals with means continue to find ways to exploit those of lesser prospects and technology has expedited and improved the frequency of this type of transaction. I think the term transaction is appropriate because it denotes a transfer from one party to another as opposed to an interaction of some equity. In the case of outsourcing, individuals in India and other emerging markets are providing their labor and expertise to their managers in the developed world for a fraction of the market rate for those skills within the developed world. This exploitation is a reflection of unequal labor standards and is implicit in the commentary provided by Florida.

    You mention a concern about having so much power in the hands of man but is there any way to halt this development? Is there any approach that could stop the march towards a super intelligence? There are so many dangers but the unending availability of knowledge gives anyone the ability to innovate and to build on the work of others. I believe Bostrom is correct to identity that this process is inevitable and that we need to devise ways to control this intelligence along the way. Thanks for the post!

    Matt Bonilla

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  5. Your questions about whose hand and whose values lead the coming intelligence revolution are questions that are concerning to all who truly consider the implications. Those who are often in the global and national leadership positions that have the wherewithal to fund such research may not have the same value system as the common people who would be most impacted by the choices of those above them. It is curious to consider how the value learning that Bostrom speaks of will happen in a way that best serves humanity. He seems hopeful, but if an intelligent machine were to access our history in learning values, does that teach a machine what we value. There are the values we say are important to us, but our past tells a different picture about what our values actually are. Even with my craving for the technologically advanced future these advancements promise, I too am somewhat hesitant because of the possible unintended backlash.
    N

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  6. Your mention of competing in a more flattened world is interesting and as a father myself I often wonder about that very thing. I recall being in high school during the 80’s and warned that I would be competing with Japanese workers for jobs as an adult due to their rapidly emerging economy. Watching Back to the Future II this week and the film’s prediction of that phenomenon put a smile on my face. Florida points out that Japan is among the “taller” spikes in today’s technological world, yet the competitive landscape so widely predicted in the 80’s did not play out on the same level as many believed it would. As Back to the Future reminds us, it is quite difficult to predict where innovation will take the world as evidenced by the numerous technological advancements missed by the film.

    I do wonder what technology will do for my children’s ability to compete in a global marketplace, particularly with emerging economies benefiting from outsourcing. Among the primary challenges is the disparity in wages among developing nations and the U.S.

    Well done!

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    1. Spot on! One of the books I have on my office bookshelf is a book entitled "1994: the World of the Future". It was written in 1972...and basically they did not get one prediction right. They foretold moon bases and cured cancer, but did not foresee the internet or AIDS.

      So your Back to the Future reference is worth keeping in mind!

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  7. Hi Chris,

    A few years back one of the departments I oversaw relied on Survey Monkey to gather student satisfaction surveys, end of course surveys and graduate surveys. As you state it was an effective way to reach large amounts of individuals in an easy and efficient way.

    One challenge that we had at the time was that the data did not come back in a way that was sliced and diced the way we needed to see it. Consequently it became time consuming to take the data returned by Survey Monkey and reformat it to the presentation we needed. I ultimately went to a more expensive solution in order to get the information in the format I needed.

    This was several years back and I imagine Survey Monkey may have changed. Your post seemed to indicate that functionality can be enhanced depending on one’s subscription.

    Do you have any knowledge of what the various functionalities are that one can upgrade to?

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